basics

Docker is a platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers. Containers allow you to package an application and its dependencies together in a standardized unit for easy deployment across different environments. Here are some basics to get you started with Docker:

1. Install Docker:

Install Docker on your machine by following the instructions on the official Docker website.

2. Docker Concepts:

Image: A lightweight, standalone, and executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software, including the code, runtime, libraries, and system tools.
Container: An instance of a Docker image, running as a process on the host machine.

3. Docker Commands:

Pull an Image:
```
docker pull image_name:tag
```
Run a Container:
```
docker run image_name:tag
```
List Running Containers:
```
docker ps
```
List All Containers (including stopped ones):
```
docker ps -a
```
Stop a Running Container:
```
docker stop container_id
```
Remove a Container:
```
docker rm container_id
```
List Docker Images:
```
docker images
```
Remove an Image:
```
docker rmi image_id
```

4. Dockerfile:

Create a Dockerfile to define how your image should be built. Here's a basic example:

# Use an official base image
FROM nginx:latest

# Copy your application code
COPY . /usr/share/nginx/html

# Expose a port
EXPOSE 80

# Define the command to run your application
CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]

5. Build a Docker Image:

Navigate to the directory containing your Dockerfile and run:
```
docker build -t image_name:tag .
```

6. Run a Container from a Built Image:

After building your image, run a container:
```
docker run -p 8080:80 image_name:tag
```

This example maps port 8080 on your host machine to port 80 in the container.

7. Docker Volumes:

Use volumes to persist data outside the container:

docker run -v /path/on/host:/path/in/container image_name:tag

8. Docker Compose:

Docker Compose allows you to define and run multi-container Docker applications. Create a docker-compose.yml file to specify services, networks, and volumes.

9. Networking:

Docker containers can communicate with each other using container names or through defined networks.

10. Docker Hub:

Docker Hub is a registry service where you can find and share container images.

11. Docker Cheat Sheet:

Refer to the official Docker Cheat Sheet for quick reference.

Additional Resources:

Practice running containers, building images, and exploring more advanced features as you become more comfortable with Docker. It's a powerful tool for containerization and can significantly simplify application deployment and management.

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